英音 /əˈfɪʃ.i.ənt/
美音 /əˈfɪʃ.i.ənt/
[ noun C ] someone who performs the ceremony at a funeral, wedding, etc
[ 可数名词 ] 司仪牧师，主祭；主婚官，证婚人
例句：
That person can become an official marriage officiant online through some unusual Web sites. 此人可以通过网上一些不同寻常网站成为正式的主婚官。
Show an interest in other people, but don’t discuss anything that you wouldn’t talk about with your grandmother or religious officiant — especially with a coworker you don’t know extremely well. 对别人表示感兴趣，但是不要谈你不会和祖母或宗教主祭谈话题，特别是和一位你了解并不深同事。
英音 /pruːn/
美英 /pruːn/
1. [ verb T ] to cut off branches from a tree, bush, or plant, especially so that it will grow better in the future
[ 及物动词 ]修剪（树枝）
例句：
She spent the afternoon pruning roses. 她用下午的时间修剪了玫瑰。
2. [ verb T ]to reduce something by removing things that are not necessary
[ 及物动词 ]删除，删节
例句：
Arco has reacted to the loss in revenue by pruning (back) its expansion plans. 大西洋里奇菲尔德公司通过缩减扩张计划以应对收益亏损。
I felt his essay needed a little pruning. 我认为他的文章需要稍作删节。
3. [ noun C ] a dried plum
[ 可数名词 ]西梅干，洋李脯
向某人告别
例句：
He bid us both a fond (= affectionate) farewell. 他向我们两人深情道别。
They can finally bid farewell to the country ‘s test-oriented rote and cram system. 他们终于可以告别国内填鸭式的机械应试教育体制了。
I have come to bid farewell to all my relatives. 我向全部亲戚道别。
英音 /əˈledʒ/
美音 /əˈledʒ/
[ verb T, formal ] to say that someone has done something illegal or wrong without giving proof
[ 及物动词，正式用语 ]（未经证实地）指责，宣称，指控
例句：
The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions.
这两名男子声称警方逼迫他们作假口供。
She is alleged to have been at the centre of an international drug ring. 据称她一直是某国际贩毒集团的核心人物。
It was alleged that Johnson had struck Mr Rahim on the head. 据称约翰逊打了拉希姆先生的头。
英音 /ˌprɒs.ɪˈkjuː.ʃ(ə)n/
美音 /ˌprɑː.səˈkjuː.ʃ(ə)n/
1. [noun, C or U ] the act of prosecuting someone
（被）起诉；（被）检举；诉讼
例句：
A number of the cases have resulted in successful prosecution. 这些案件中有数起最终成功提起诉讼。
Doctors guilty of neglect are liable to prosecution. 玩忽职守的医生很可能会被起诉。
2. [ U, formal ] the act of taking part in a planned set of activities, especially a war
把…进行到底，继续参与（尤指战争）
3. the prosecution
[ S, + sing/pl verb ] the lawyers in a court case who represent the side that accuses someone of committing a crime
（单数名词）控方律师，原告律师
例句：
His plea of guilty to manslaughter was not accepted by the prosecution. 他关于过失杀人罪的抗辩没有被原告律师接受。
The prosecution alleged that he lured the officer to his death by making an emergency call. 原告律师声称他拨打报警电话，将那个警官诱入死地。
to start using a supply of something
凭借; 使用，动用，利用
例句：
We must draw upon their experience. 我们应利用他们的经验。
I was able to draw upon my previous experience. 我能凭借我原先的经验。
To American politic, draw upon the strong religion public opinion, the American church in China had a rather influence on the politic that American to China. 对美国政治方面，凭借强大的宗教舆论，美国在中国的教会是影响美国对华政策的一个不小的因素。
We should keep an open mind, draw upon development practices of other continents, share development resources and promote regional cooperation. 我们要秉持开放精神，积极借鉴其他地区发展经验，共享发展资源，推进区域合作。
With China’s strengths in infrastructure and manufacturing and New Zealand’s advantages in agricultural science and technology, IT and clean energy, the two countries have much to offer to each other and may draw upon each other’s strong points. 中国在基础设施建设和制造业领域，新西兰在农业科技、信息技术、清洁能源等领域，各自有着突出优势，两国可以取长补短、互为所用。
One had to draw upon some knowledge of human psychology. 我们得利用人类心理学的某些知识。
She would have to draw upon all her courage and determination. 她将不得不拿出自己全部的勇气和决心。
I shall draw upon you for assistance when necessary. 假如需要我将请求你的帮助。
They may draw upon historical evidence to defend their point of view. 他们也许利用历史证据来维护他们的观点。
People carrying more weight could have more energy and nutritional stores to draw upon. 可能是肥胖者存储更多的能量和营养物质以供消耗。
to stay active, alert, and focused on something or someone and prepared to deal with problems might happen
忙个不停，忙得不可开交；警惕，警觉；集中注意力，不懈怠，作好行动准备
常用组合be on one’s toes / keep on one’s toes / stay on one’s toes / keep one on one’s toes
例句：
I work with people who are half my age so that keeps me on my toes. 我和只有我年龄一半大的人一起工作，所以一刻也不能松懈。
Having two kids under age five sure keeps me on my toes! 有两个五岁以下的孩子真使我忙得不可开交！
You have to be on your toes if you want to be in this business. 如果你想在这一行干下去，你就得时刻不懈怠。
I have to stay on my toes to keep from getting fired. 我必须保持积极性以防被解雇。
Surprise visits help to keep the staff on their toes. 突击巡察有助于使员工常备不懈。
This attorney is known for using really deceptive and underhanded tactics, so be on your toes. 这位律师以使用真正的欺骗和不诚实的手段而闻名，所以你要特别小心。
Your spelling is wrong. You wrote “practise” but it should be “practice”.
你的拼写有误。你写了”practise” ，但应该是”practice”。
Oh! Thanks for keeping me on my toes.
哦！谢谢你提醒我。
to use something, especially a form of financial support, when other things have failed
借助于；依赖，依靠
例句：
When the business failed, we had to fall back on our savings. 公司倒闭后，我们只得靠积蓄度日。
If I lose my job, I’ll have nothing to fall back on. 我要是丢了工作，就什么指望都没有了。
The company is force to fall back on its cash reserve. 这个公司被迫动用它自己的现金储备。
Doctors sometimes fall back on old cures. 有时医生们求助于老的疗法。
She always has her teaching experience to fall back on. 她总还有教学经验可以依赖。
Don’t fall back on others but do the job yourself. 别依赖别人，你自己干。
Fall back on old friends in time of need. 在需要时求助于老朋友们。
[idiom, mainly disapproving] to appear after having been hidden or not active for a long time
[习语，主要用作贬义]（长期隐藏或沉寂后）公开露面，活跃起来
例句：
After you’ve been in a relationship for a while all sorts of little secrets start to come out of the woodwork. 在你谈了一段恋爱之后，各种各样的小秘密就都冒了出来。
英音 /ˈwʊd.wɜːk/
美音 /ˈwʊd.wɝːk/
1. [ noun, U ] the wooden parts of a building, especially a house
[不可数名词]（尤指房子的）木构件
例句：
There’s some rotting woodwork on the outside of the house that we need to replace. 房子的外部有些腐烂的木构件我们需要更换掉。
2. [ UK, noun, U, informal ] any part of the wooden or metal frame that forms part of a goal in football
[英式英语，不可数名词，非正式用语] （足球中的）门柱，横梁
例句：
Liverpool hit the woodwork twice in the first half. 上半场利物浦队两次击中横梁。
3. [ noun, U, mainly UK, US usually woodworking ] the activity of making objects such as furniture from wood
[不可数名词，主要在英式英语中使用，美式英语常用woodworking]木工活，木工手艺
例句：
woodwork classes/lessons 木工班／课
I used to enjoy woodwork at school. 我过去上学时喜欢上木工课。